\n\t\t\t\t\t
L\u2019onychophagie, ou l\u2019acte de se ronger les ongles de mani\u00e8re fr\u00e9quente et compulsive, est un probl\u00e8me r\u00e9pandu qui concerne pr\u00e8s d\u2019une personne sur trois. Les enfants, adolescents et jeunes adultes peuvent \u00eatre atteints, l\u2019incidence \u00e9tant plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e chez les sujets \u00e2g\u00e9s de 35\u00e0 49 ans. Les enfants d\u2019\u00e2ge scolaire seraient touch\u00e9s par les formes les plus s\u00e9v\u00e8res du trouble.<\/p>\n
Causes<\/h2>\n
Bien que les causes pr\u00e9cises soient difficiles \u00e0 \u00e9tablir, l\u2019onychophagie a un lien prouv\u00e9 avec le stress et l\u2019anxi\u00e9t\u00e9. Se ronger les ongles serait une mani\u00e8re de se lib\u00e9rer de son angoisse, de calmer ses agitations, de se recentrer. Le geste s\u2019observe \u00e9galement chez les enfants qui vivent de la solitude ou de l\u2019ennui. En fait, selon certains sp\u00e9cialistes des th\u00e9rapies comportementales et cognitives, l\u2019onychophagie serait \u00e0 la fois \u00ab la manifestation physique d\u2019un combat psychique intense \u00bb et \u00ab le probl\u00e8me psychologique le plus courant et le moins pris en charge \u00bb.<\/p>\n
Complications<\/h2>\n
Au-del\u00e0 des cons\u00e9quences esth\u00e9tiques (mains ab\u00eem\u00e9es), et des r\u00e9percussions sociales et psychologiques (g\u00eane, isolement, manque de confiance et comportement agressif), l\u2019onychophagie peut entra\u00eener des complications m\u00e9dicales non n\u00e9gligeables:<\/p>\n
\u2013 Les mains peuvent transmettre une multitude de bact\u00e9ries et engendrer plusieurs pathologies infectieuses, fongiques et virales, dont la grippe, la gastroent\u00e9rite et l\u2019herp\u00e8s.
\n\u2013 L\u2019acte r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9 peut induire des d\u00e9formations de la dentition, de la gencive et du palais. Il peut \u00e9galement contribuer au d\u00e9chaussement des dents et encourager l\u2019\u00e9rosion de l\u2019\u00e9mail.
\n\u2013 L\u2019irritation g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e favorise la propagation d\u2019inflammations telles que les gingivites.
\n\u2013 Les mordillements peuvent provoquer des microl\u00e9sions et des plaies cutan\u00e9es menant \u00e0 la formation d\u2019infections (panaris) et d\u2019abc\u00e8s.<\/p>\n
Traitement et pr\u00e9vention<\/h2>\n
L\u2019onychophagie est avant tout un trouble psychique qui n\u00e9cessite une prise en charge psychologique. La reconnaissance, la gestion et la pr\u00e9vention du stress sont normalement au c\u0153ur des s\u00e9ances de th\u00e9rapie. Des exercices de relaxation et de respiration peuvent aussi \u00eatre enseign\u00e9s au patient.<\/p>\n
L\u2019approche psychologique est souvent accompagn\u00e9e d\u2019un traitement symptomatique. Les vernis amers peuvent apporter une aide importante. Mettre des pansements au bout des doigts, m\u00e2cher de la gomme sans sucre ou s\u2019occuper les mains avec de petits objets sont d\u2019autres astuces courantes.<\/p>\n
Les parents ont un r\u00f4le crucial dans la pr\u00e9vention de l\u2019onychophagie chez leurs enfants. On recommande de leur couper les ongles fr\u00e9quemment, de leur expliquer les inconv\u00e9nients et les risques li\u00e9s \u00e0 la pratique, d\u2019\u00e9viter les remontrances et de privil\u00e9gier une approche bas\u00e9e sur l\u2019\u00e9coute et la compr\u00e9hension.<\/p>\n<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"L\u2019onychophagie, ou l\u2019acte de se ronger les ongles de mani\u00e8re fr\u00e9quente et compulsive, est un probl\u00e8me r\u00e9pandu qui concerne pr\u00e8s d\u2019une personne sur trois. Les enfants, adolescents et jeunes adultes peuvent \u00eatre atteints, l\u2019incidence \u00e9tant plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e chez les sujets \u00e2g\u00e9s de 35\u00e0 49 ans. Les enfants d\u2019\u00e2ge scolaire seraient touch\u00e9s par les formes les plus s\u00e9v\u00e8res du trouble.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":210195,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[68,66],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4577","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogs","category-hands"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
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